{"id":821,"date":"2025-12-19T09:53:59","date_gmt":"2025-12-19T08:53:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/?post_type=manual_kb&#038;p=821"},"modified":"2026-05-30T16:52:55","modified_gmt":"2026-05-30T14:52:55","slug":"protocoale-smtp","status":"publish","type":"manual_kb","link":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/protocols-smtp\/","title":{"rendered":"Protocoale - SMTP"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"translation-block translation-block-merged\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) este un protocol de re\u021bea utilizat pentru trimiterea mesajelor de e-mail \u00eentre servere. Acesta define\u0219te modul \u00een care e-mailurile sunt transmise de la un expeditor c\u0103tre un server de e-mail \u0219i \u00eentre serverele de e-mail prin intermediul internetului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SMTP este protocolul standard responsabil de livrarea e-mailurilor trimise \u00een majoritatea sistemelor de e-mail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Cuprins<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class=\"ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1\"><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/protocols-smtp\/#How_SMTP_works\">Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 SMTP<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/protocols-smtp\/#SMTP_communication_process\">Procesul de comunicare SMTP<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/protocols-smtp\/#Ports_used_by_SMTP\">Porturile utilizate de SMTP<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/protocols-smtp\/#SMTP_and_email_retrieval\">SMTP \u0219i preluarea e-mailurilor<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/protocols-smtp\/#Security_considerations\">Considera\u021bii privind securitatea<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/protocols-smtp\/#Practical_use_cases\">Cazuri practice de utilizare<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/protocols-smtp\/#Practical_implications\">Implica\u021bii practice<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/protocols-smtp\/#Summary\">Rezumat<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_SMTP_works\"><\/span>Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 SMTP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"mybox-3746063656\" class=\"mybox-content mybox-entity-placement\"><div class=\"early-access-banner-inpost\">\r\n  <div class=\"banner-left-inpost\">\r\n    <div class=\"icon-box-inpost\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/square-info-icon.svg\" alt=\"Info\">\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"text-box-inpost\">\r\n      <span class=\"label-inpost\"><span class=\"translation-block translation-block-banner-text\">Acces timpuriu<\/span><\/span>\r\n      <h4><span class=\"translation-block translation-block-banner-text\">Mai ave\u021bi nevoie de ajutor?<\/span><\/h4>\r\n      <p><span class=\"translation-block translation-block-banner-text\">Contacta\u021bi echipa noastr\u0103 de servicii pentru clien\u021bi.<\/span><\/p>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"banner-right-inpost\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/panel.mybox.com\/helpdesk2\/v\/list\/\" class=\"banner-button-inpost\"><span class=\"translation-block translation-block-banner-text\">Trimite mesaj<\/span><\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"translation-block translation-block-merged\"><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SMTP func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe baza unui model client-server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e2nd se trimite un e-mail:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>clientul de e-mail se conecteaz\u0103 la un server de e-mail de ie\u0219ire<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>serverul proceseaz\u0103 mesajul \u0219i identific\u0103 domeniul destinatarului<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mesajul este redirec\u021bionat c\u0103tre serverul de e-mail al destinatarului<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>serverul destinatarului stocheaz\u0103 mesajul pentru a fi recuperat ulterior<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SMTP este responsabil doar pentru trimiterea \u0219i retransmiterea e-mailurilor. Primirea e-mailurilor este gestionat\u0103 de alte protocoale, precum IMAP sau POP3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SMTP_communication_process\"><\/span>Procesul de comunicare SMTP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O sesiune SMTP urmeaz\u0103 o secven\u021b\u0103 structurat\u0103 de comenzi \u00eentre sisteme:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>se stabile\u0219te conexiunea prin TCP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>serverul expeditor se identific\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>se specific\u0103 adresele expeditorului \u0219i destinatarului<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>se transmite con\u021binutul mesajului<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sesiunea se \u00eenchide dup\u0103 livrare<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Acest proces asigur\u0103 o comunicare standardizat\u0103 \u00eentre diferite sisteme de e-mail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ports_used_by_SMTP\"><\/span>Porturile utilizate de SMTP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SMTP utilizeaz\u0103 de obicei urm\u0103toarele porturi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Portul 25<\/strong> \u2013 transfer de e-mail de la server la server<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Portul 587<\/strong> \u2013 trimiterea de e-mailuri de la clien\u021bi (recomandat cu autentificare)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Portul 465<\/strong> \u2013 SMTP securizat folosind SSL\/TLS (vechi, dar \u00eenc\u0103 acceptat \u00een unele sisteme)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SMTP_and_email_retrieval\"><\/span>SMTP \u0219i preluarea e-mailurilor<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SMTP este utilizat numai pentru trimiterea e-mailurilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru a primi \u0219i a citi e-mailurile, se utilizeaz\u0103 protocoale diferite:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IMAP \u2013 sincronizeaz\u0103 e-mailurile cu serverul<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>POP3 \u2013 descarc\u0103 e-mailurile pe un dispozitiv local<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Security_considerations\"><\/span>Considera\u021bii privind securitatea<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SMTP a fost conceput ini\u021bial f\u0103r\u0103 criptare. Implement\u0103rile moderne utilizeaz\u0103 straturi suplimentare de securitate, precum TLS, pentru a proteja comunicarea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">F\u0103r\u0103 criptare, con\u021binutul e-mailurilor \u0219i datele de autentificare pot fi expuse \u00een timpul transmiterii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Configura\u021biile SMTP securizate utilizeaz\u0103 autentificarea \u0219i conexiunile criptate pentru a preveni accesul neautorizat \u0219i interceptarea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Practical_use_cases\"><\/span>Cazuri practice de utilizare<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SMTP este utilizat pentru:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>trimiterea de e-mailuri de la clien\u021bi de e-mail (webmail sau aplica\u021bii)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>retransmiterea e-mailurilor \u00eentre serverele de e-mail<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>trimiterea notific\u0103rilor automate ale sistemului<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>integrarea func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bii de e-mail \u00een aplica\u021bii \u0219i site-uri web<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Practical_implications\"><\/span>Implica\u021bii practice<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SMTP este esen\u021bial pentru livrarea e-mailurilor, dar nu stocheaz\u0103 \u0219i nu afi\u0219eaz\u0103 mesaje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Este necesar\u0103 configurarea corect\u0103 a serverelor SMTP pentru o livrare fiabil\u0103 a e-mailurilor \u0219i pentru a evita probleme precum filtrarea spamului sau respingerea mesajelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen mediile moderne de g\u0103zduire, precum mybox, SMTP este utilizat de obicei \u00eempreun\u0103 cu autentificarea securizat\u0103 \u0219i criptarea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Summary\"><\/span>Rezumat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SMTP este protocolul de baz\u0103 pentru trimiterea mesajelor de e-mail pe internet. Acesta permite comunicarea \u00eentre sistemele de e-mail folosind un proces structurat de retransmitere \u0219i este esen\u021bial pentru livrarea tuturor e-mailurilor trimise.\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","manualknowledgebasecat":[25],"manual_kb_tag":[1798,1799,1800,1801,864,1802,1304,1803,1695,1804,1736,1805,1780,1806,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797],"class_list":["post-821","manual_kb","type-manual_kb","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","manualknowledgebasecat-hosting","manual_kb_tag-rcpt-to-command","manual_kb_tag-data-command","manual_kb_tag-email-server","manual_kb_tag-email-delivery","manual_kb_tag-email-protocol","manual_kb_tag-text-protocol","manual_kb_tag-simple-mail-transfer-protocol","manual_kb_tag-internet-email","manual_kb_tag-port-2","manual_kb_tag-sender-address","manual_kb_tag-protocols","manual_kb_tag-recipient-address","manual_kb_tag-quit-command","manual_kb_tag-smtp-protocol","manual_kb_tag-smtp","manual_kb_tag-send-email","manual_kb_tag-email-messages","manual_kb_tag-smtp-session","manual_kb_tag-smtp-commands","manual_kb_tag-helo-command","manual_kb_tag-mail-from-command"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manual_kb\/821","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manual_kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/manual_kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manual_kb\/821\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4718,"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manual_kb\/821\/revisions\/4718"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=821"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"manualknowledgebasecat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manualknowledgebasecat?post=821"},{"taxonomy":"manual_kb_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manual_kb_tag?post=821"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}