{"id":46,"date":"2025-12-16T11:44:30","date_gmt":"2025-12-16T10:44:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/?post_type=manual_kb&#038;p=46"},"modified":"2026-01-27T09:25:15","modified_gmt":"2026-01-27T08:25:15","slug":"fisier-htaccess","status":"publish","type":"manual_kb","link":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/htaccess-file\/","title":{"rendered":".Fi\u0219ier .htaccess"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"translation-block translation-block-merged\">\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Cuprins<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class=\"ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1\"><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/htaccess-file\/#What_is_a_htaccess_file\">Ce este un fi\u0219ier .htaccess<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/htaccess-file\/#Why_a_period_at_the_beginning_of_a_file_name\">De ce apare un punct la \u00eenceputul numelui unui fi\u0219ier?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/fi\u0219ierul_htaccess\/#Pentru_ce_folosim_cel_mai_des_fi\u0219ierul_.htaccess\">Pentru ce folosim cel mai des fi\u0219ierul .htaccess<\/a><ul class=\"ez-toc-list-level-3\"><li class=\"ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/htaccess-file\/#Custom_error_pages\">Pagini de eroare personalizate<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/fi\u0219ierul .htaccess\/#Website_start_page\">Pagina de start a site-ului web<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/htaccess-file\/#View_a_list_of_files\">Vizualiza\u021bi o list\u0103 de fi\u0219iere<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/htaccess-file\/#Change_the_address_of_pages\">Modifica\u021bi adresa paginilor<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/htaccess-file\/#Block_resource_hotlinking\">Blocarea accesului direct la resurse<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/knowledgebase\/htaccess-file\/#Password_protection_of_the_directory\">Protec\u021bia cu parol\u0103 a directorului<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_a_htaccess_file\"><\/span>Ce este un fi\u0219ier .htaccess<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ideea ini\u021bial\u0103 din spatele fi\u0219ierului .htaccess, a\u0219a cum sugereaz\u0103 \u0219i numele s\u0103u, a fost aceea de a controla accesul la directoarele din folderul \u00een care se afl\u0103. \u00cen prezent, acesta este utilizat \u00een principal pentru a suprascrie parametrii inclu\u0219i \u00een mod implicit \u00een configura\u021bia serverului, de exemplu, set\u0103rile PHP, \u0219i pentru a indica utilizarea unor reguli de c\u0103tre scripturile paginilor web, al c\u0103ror scop va fi, de exemplu, rescrierea linkurilor \u00eentr-o form\u0103 lizibil\u0103 \u0219i u\u0219or de re\u021binut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Trebuie re\u021binut faptul c\u0103 fi\u0219ierul .htaccess \u0219i valorile con\u021binute de acesta se aplic\u0103 at\u00e2t fi\u0219ierelor din directorul \u00een care se afl\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i tuturor fi\u0219ierelor aflate \u00een directoarele ulterioare din structur\u0103. Acest lucru se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd se g\u0103se\u0219te un alt fi\u0219ier .htaccess \u00eentr-un anumit director situat mai jos \u00een structur\u0103, care revoc\u0103\/modific\u0103 regulile stabilite \u00een cel curent de mai sus.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>.\/\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 fi\u0219ierele-dvs.\/\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 domain.com\/\n\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 awstats\/\n\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 public_html\/\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 .htaccess (include folderele \u0219i directoarele din public_html)\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 pictures\/\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 style\/\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 files\/\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 .htaccess (suprascrie regulile din fi\u0219ierul situat \u00een public_html)\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 directory1\/\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 directory2\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_a_period_at_the_beginning_of_a_file_name\"><\/span>De ce un punct la \u00eenceputul numelui unui fi\u0219ier?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"mybox-4058190820\" class=\"mybox-content mybox-entity-placement\"><div class=\"early-access-banner-inpost\">\r\n  <div class=\"banner-left-inpost\">\r\n    <div class=\"icon-box-inpost\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/square-info-icon.svg\" alt=\"Info\">\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"text-box-inpost\">\r\n      <span class=\"label-inpost\"><span class=\"translation-block translation-block-banner-text\">Acces timpuriu<\/span><\/span>\r\n      <h4><span class=\"translation-block translation-block-banner-text\">Mai ave\u021bi nevoie de ajutor?<\/span><\/h4>\r\n      <p><span class=\"translation-block translation-block-banner-text\">Contacta\u021bi echipa noastr\u0103 de servicii pentru clien\u021bi.<\/span><\/p>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"banner-right-inpost\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/panel.mybox.com\/helpdesk2\/v\/list\/\" class=\"banner-button-inpost\"><span class=\"translation-block translation-block-banner-text\">Trimite mesaj<\/span><\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"translation-block translation-block-merged\"><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen sistemele Linux, care stau la baza majorit\u0103\u021bii serverelor care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe Internet, un punct la \u00eenceputul unui fi\u0219ier sau director \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 acesta este un element ascuns. Prin urmare, foarte des, atunci c\u00e2nd v\u0103 conecta\u021bi prin FTP la server, fi\u0219ierul .htaccess nu este vizibil. \u00cen acest caz, trebuie s\u0103 v\u0103 asigura\u021bi c\u0103, \u00een set\u0103rile de afi\u0219are a listei de fi\u0219iere \u0219i directoare din aplica\u021bia client FTP (de exemplu, FileZilla \u2013 informa\u021bii despre configurarea aplica\u021biei pute\u021bi g\u0103si <a href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/baza-de-cunostinte\/configurarea-clientului-filezilla-3-5-3\/\">AICI)<\/a> ave\u021bi activat\u0103 op\u021biunea de afi\u0219are a elementelor ascunse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pentru_ce_folosim_cel_mai_des_fi\u0219ierul_htaccess\"><\/span>Pentru ce folosim cel mai des fi\u0219ierul .htaccess<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fi\u0219ierul .htaccess, a\u0219a cum am men\u021bionat la \u00eenceput, este utilizat \u00een principal pentru a modifica parametrii de configurare ai serverului \u0219i pentru a seta reguli de rescriere a linkurilor, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t \u00eel pute\u021bi folosi, de exemplu, \u00een urm\u0103toarele situa\u021bii:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Custom_error_pages\"><\/span>Pagini de eroare personalizate<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen cazul \u00een care serverul web nu poate \u00eendeplini solicitarea utilizatorului din diverse motive, \u00een locul paginii \u021bint\u0103 se genereaz\u0103 un mesaj de eroare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lista erorilor raportate de sistemul nostru, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu descrierile acestora, poate fi g\u0103sit\u0103 la sec\u021biunea Erori HTTP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cu ajutorul fi\u0219ierului .htaccess, putem defini propriile noastre pagini, independente de sistem, care explic\u0103 situa\u021bia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru a face acest lucru, cre\u0103m un folder numit \/error-pages\/ \u00een directorul public_html al site-ului nostru web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen acesta, plas\u0103m fi\u0219iere cu con\u021binutul nostru propriu, care va fi afi\u0219at \u00een cazul gener\u0103rii unei erori, salv\u00e2ndu-le ca<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">de exemplu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>403.php<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">pentru mesajul \"Acces interzis\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De asemenea, cre\u0103m un fi\u0219ier .htaccess \u00een directorul care con\u021bine paginile noastre de eroare, cu urm\u0103torul con\u021binut:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Allow from all \nSatisfy Any<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Urm\u0103torul pas va fi crearea unui fi\u0219ier .htaccess \u00een directorul public_html, cu urm\u0103toarea sintax\u0103 pentru fiecare dintre erori:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ErrorDocument  \/error-pages\/.php<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">de exemplu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ErrorDocument 401 \/error-pages\/401.php \nErrorDocument 403 \/error-pages\/403.php \nErrorDocument 404 \/error-pages\/404.php<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Acum, dup\u0103 ce serverul genereaz\u0103 o excep\u021bie, va fi afi\u0219at\u0103 pagina preg\u0103tit\u0103 de noi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Website_start_page\"><\/span>Pagina de start a site-ului web<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">URL-ul complet este format din numele domeniului (1), numele folderelor individuale (2) \u0219i numele fi\u0219ierului \u021bint\u0103 (3), de exemplu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">www.mybox.com\/file\/test.zip<br>(1) (2) (3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cu toate acestea, dac\u0103 ultima parte nu este definit\u0103, serverul web caut\u0103 \u00een directorul specificat pentru a g\u0103si fi\u0219ierul afi\u0219at \u00een mod implicit \u00eentr-o astfel de situa\u021bie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pe serverele noastre, urm\u0103toarele valori sunt setate automat ca astfel de nume:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>index.htm index.html index.cgi index.pl index.php index.php5 index.xhtml<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru a seta propria list\u0103 sau ordinea fi\u0219ierelor ca pagini de start, ad\u0103uga\u021bi urm\u0103toarea directiv\u0103 \u00een fi\u0219ierul .htaccess:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>DirectoryIndex <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De exemplu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm web.php index.php<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"lista-plikow\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"View_a_list_of_files\"><\/span>Vizualiza\u021bi o list\u0103 de fi\u0219iere<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen mod implicit, afi\u0219area listei de fi\u0219iere este blocat\u0103. Dac\u0103 dori\u021bi s\u0103 afi\u0219a\u021bi o list\u0103 de fi\u0219iere cu tot con\u021binutul directorului curent dup\u0103 accesarea unui director \u00een care nu exist\u0103 fi\u0219ierul index.html sau index.php, pute\u021bi ad\u0103uga urm\u0103toarea linie \u00een fi\u0219ierul .htaccess:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Options +Indexes<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Modificarea_adresei_paginilor\"><\/span>Modificarea adresei paginilor<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Uneori este necesar s\u0103 modifica\u021bi adresa unei anumite p\u0103r\u021bi a site-ului web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De exemplu, o pagin\u0103 de v\u00e2nz\u0103ri se va muta de pe domeniul www.company.mybox.com\/commercial\/ pe www.commercial.company.mybox.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00centr-o astfel de situa\u021bie, utilizatorii de internet care folosesc adresa veche ar trebui redirec\u021biona\u021bi c\u0103tre cea nou\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru a face acest lucru, trebuie s\u0103 crea\u021bi un fi\u0219ier .htaccess \u00een folderul cu con\u021binutul vechi, cu urm\u0103torul con\u021binut:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Redirec\u021bioneaz\u0103  <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">de exemplu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Redirec\u021bioneaz\u0103 \/commercial\/ http:\/\/www.commercial.company.mybox.com\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un ghid suplimentar separat privind aceast\u0103 problem\u0103 poate fi g\u0103sit <a href=\"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/baza-de-cunostinte\/cum-sa-redirectionati-alias-un-domeniu-la-o-alta-adresa-www-htaccess-redirect-301\/\">AICI<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Block_resource_hotlinking\"><\/span>Blocarea hotlinking-ului resurselor<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Caracterul deschis al internetului permite, de asemenea, desf\u0103\u0219urarea unor activit\u0103\u021bi frauduloase, inclusiv \u00een domeniul cre\u0103rii de site-uri web. De c\u00e2te ori s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat ca fotografia dvs. s\u0103 fie furat\u0103 \u0219i utilizat\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 permisiune? \u00cen plus, fotografia nici m\u0103car nu a fost copiat\u0103, ci a fost desc\u0103rcat\u0103 de pe site-ul dvs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru a preveni astfel de situa\u021bii, pute\u021bi bloca cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103 posibilitatea de hotlinking \u2013 deoarece acesta este termenul folosit pentru utilizarea resurselor de pe alte servere f\u0103r\u0103 permisiune. Crea\u021bi un fi\u0219ier .htaccess (sau folosi\u021bi unul existent) \u0219i include\u021bi \u00een el urm\u0103toarea regul\u0103:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>RewriteEngine On #aceast\u0103 linie ar trebui s\u0103 apar\u0103 o singur\u0103 dat\u0103; dac\u0103 exist\u0103 deja, poate fi omis\u0103 \nRewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ \nRewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http:\/\/(.+.)?firma.ro [NC] \nRewriteRule ^pictures\/.*.(jpe?g|gif|bmp|png)$ - [NC,F]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\u201cwp-block-paragraph\u201d\">O astfel de regul\u0103 nu v\u0103 va permite s\u0103 afi\u0219a\u021bi pe pagin\u0103, \u00een afar\u0103 de firma.pl, fi\u0219iere imagine din directorul \/images\/. De asemenea, pute\u021bi ad\u0103uga site-uri \u201cprietene\u201d specifice c\u0103rora le-am permis s\u0103 utilizeze resursele noastre. Trebuie s\u0103 duplica\u021bi a treia linie \u0219i s\u0103 introduce\u021bi acolo domeniul corespunz\u0103tor al site-ului \"prieten\". \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, acest script v\u0103 permite afi\u0219area imaginilor dac\u0103 cineva introduce adresa acestuia direct \u00een browser.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dac\u0103 o imagine este accesat\u0103 prin hotlink, serverul nostru web va returna o eroare 403 \u2013 Acces interzis, iar imaginea nu va fi afi\u0219at\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Password_protection_of_the_directory\"><\/span>Protec\u021bia cu parol\u0103 a directorului<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen acest fel, pute\u021bi proteja directorul \u00eempotriva accesului neautorizat, specific\u00e2nd o list\u0103 de utilizatori care vor avea acces folosind numele de utilizator \u0219i parola.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","manualknowledgebasecat":[25,43],"manual_kb_tag":[1292,1320,1627,4209,4210,4211,4212,718,719],"class_list":["post-46","manual_kb","type-manual_kb","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","manualknowledgebasecat-hosting","manualknowledgebasecat-website-errors","manual_kb_tag-server-configuration","manual_kb_tag-rewrite-rules","manual_kb_tag-apache-htaccess","manual_kb_tag-redirects","manual_kb_tag-custom-error-pages","manual_kb_tag-error-document","manual_kb_tag-directory-index","manual_kb_tag-htaccess-file","manual_kb_tag-url-rewriting"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manual_kb\/46","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manual_kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/manual_kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manual_kb\/46\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3336,"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manual_kb\/46\/revisions\/3336"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"manualknowledgebasecat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manualknowledgebasecat?post=46"},{"taxonomy":"manual_kb_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mybox.com\/help\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manual_kb_tag?post=46"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}